Key Terms
Identification of Securities
Ticker
A ticker is a code used to uniquely identify a specific stock that is publicly traded on a particular exchange. A ticker consists of a symbol or a sequence of characters (typically Latin letters or numbers) that represents a specific asset or security listed on a stock exchange or publicly traded.
Applicable Scope: Global
- Example) Apple -> AAPL
- Example) Samsung Electronics -> 005930 (Common Stock), 005935 (Preferred Stock)
CIK(Central Index Key)
'CIK' stands for 'Central Index Key,' and the CIK is a unique identification number assigned by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to each company, individual, or fund. This number is used when submitting disclosure documents to the SEC's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system (EDGAR).
Within the Waiker system, it is used as a unique identification value (ID) for each investor in the securities market.
Applicable Scope: United States
- CIK: 1067983 Warren Buffett
- CIK: 1548760 Mark Zuckerberg
- CIK: 0000320193 Apple
ISIN (International Securities Identification Number)
ISIN is the International Securities Identification Number, used to uniquely identify a specific security. ISIN consists of a combination of 12 letters and numbers and is a standardized security identification system used globally. It is assigned to various financial assets, including bonds, stocks, and derivatives, along with the country's code for the security.
Applicable Scope: Global
- ISIN: US0378331005 Apple
- ISIN: KR7005930003 (Samsung Electronics Common Stock), KR7005931001 (Samsung Electronics Preferred Stock)
SEDOL (Stock Exchange Daily Official List)
SEDOL (Stock Exchange Daily Official List) is a 7-digit unique code used by the London Stock Exchange (LSE) to identify securities. It was initially introduced to identify UK securities but has since expanded to be used as part of the ISIN code. It helps to clearly distinguish between various financial products such as stocks and bonds. The SEDOL code for each security plays an essential role in tracking and trading that asset within financial databases.
Applicable Scope: Global securities managed by the LSE.
- SEDOL: B0YQ5W0 Apple
- SEDOL: 6771720 Samsung Electronics
CUSIP (Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures)
It is a unique 9-digit code used to identify financial products such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and exchange-traded funds (ETFs) issued in the United States and Canada. This code plays a crucial role in identifying securities and enabling quick and accurate processing of securities in trading and settlement systems. CUSIP is widely used in the U.S. financial markets and can also serve as a basis for the international ISIN (International Securities Identification Number).
Applicable Scope: United States/Canada
- CUSIP: 037833100 Apple
- CUSIP: There is no value for the Korean company Samsung Electronics.
RIC (Refinitiv Identification Code)
RIC is LSEG Data & Analytics (formerly known as Refinitiv) provides the RIC, a financial product identification code that identifies financial assets such as stocks, bonds, and options traded on exchanges. RIC is used to distinguish each security in the LSEG database by combining the ticker and market information.
Applicable Scope: Global
- RIC: AAPL.O Apple
- RIC: 005930.KS (Samsung Electronics Common Stock), 005935.KS (Samsung Electronics Preferred Stock)
Industry Classification System
GICS (Global Industry Classification Standard)
GICS is a globally accepted industry classification system jointly developed by MSCI and S&P. GICS segments industries into 11 sectors, 24 industry groups, 69 industries, and 158 sub-industries for use in the global equity markets.
- GICS: 45202010 Apple
- Sector: Information Technology (45)
- Industry Group: Technology Hardware & Equipment (4520)
- Industry: Computers & Peripherals (452020)
- Sub-Industry: Computers (45202010)
- GICS: 45201020 Samsung Electronics
- Sector: Information Technology (45)
- Industry Group: Technology Hardware & Equipment (4520)
- Industry: Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components (452010)
- Sub-Industry: Electronic Equipment (45201020)
TRBC is an industry classification system developed by Refinitiv that categorizes companies into five levels. This system classifies based on the markets where goods are traded rather than the products or services themselves, and it is structured hierarchically with 10 economic sectors, 28 business segments, 54 industry groups, 136 industries, and 837 detailed activities.
- TRBC: 5710101010 (Technology Hardware) Apple
- Sector: Technology
- Industry Group: Technology Equipment
- Industry: Technology Hardware
- TRBC: 5710101010 (Technology Hardware) Samsung Electronics
- Sector: Technology
- Industry Group: Technology Equipment
- Industry: Technology Hardware
NAICS (North American Industry Classification System)
NAICS is an industry classification system used in the North American region (United States, Canada, Mexico). This system specifically distinguishes industries for economic analysis and policy-making, representing each industry activity with a 6-digit code.
- NAICS: 334111 (Electronic Computer Manufacturing) Apple
- This code refers to Electronic Computer Manufacturing and is related to Apple's main products, which are computers.
- NAICS: 334413 (Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing) Samja
- This code refers to Semiconductor and Related Device Manufacturing and represents Samsung Electronics' main business area.
SIC (Standard Industrial Classification)
SIC is the Standard Industrial Classification system that was used by the U.S. government to classify industries. It classifies industries using a 4-digit numeric code and was primarily used for the collection of statistical data by the government and businesses. It has now been replaced by NAICS, but it is still used by some organizations.
- SIC: 3571 (Electronic Computers) Apple
- This code refers to Electronic Computer Manufacturing.
- SIC: 3674 (Semiconductors and Related Devices) Samsung Electronics
- This code refers to the manufacturing of semiconductors and related devices.
ICB (Industry Classification Benchmark)
ICB is an industry classification system used in the stock market, managed by FTSE. ICB classifies companies into sectors, industries, and industry groups similar to GICS, starting with 10 main sectors and further subdivided.
In the case of Apple
- Sector:
- Technology
- Code: 9000
- Industry Group
- Consumer Electronics
- Code: 9570
- Industry
- Consumer Electronics
- Code: 9572
- Subsector
- Consumer Electronics
- 957200
In the case of Samsung Electronics
- Sector:
- Technology
- Technology
- Industry Group:
- Electronic Equipment
- Code: 9570
- Industry:
- Electronic Equipment
- Code: 9576
- Subsector
- Electronic Equipment
- Code: 957610
Difference Between Exchanges and Listed Markets
An exchange is a physical or electronic platform where financial assets such as stocks and bonds are traded, while a listed market refers to the market within a specific exchange where qualified companies are listed. For example, in South Korea, the Korea Exchange (KRX) is the exchange, while KOSPI and KOSDAQ are the listed markets.